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More than 90% of the world's web servers run on Linux. With its open source structure, superior performance and security, Linux is the indispensable basis of digital infrastructures in 2026 .
In this guide; Explore the Linux world with Eka Sunucu expertise, from kernel architecture to file permissions, from SSH commands to server management.
Linux is a UNIX-like, open source and free operating system kernel that started to be developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991 . Nowadays, Linux runs everywhere, from supercomputers to smartphones (Android), from web servers to IoT devices.
Why is Linux preferred for publishing a website?
It is the heart of the operating system. It manages the communication between the hardware (CPU, RAM, Disk) and the software. Optimized kernel versions are used in Eka Sunucu VDSs.
Choose the most suitable operating system for your project.
It is the sequel to CentOS. It is based on RHEL (Red Hat). For cPanel and enterprise projects most stable It is a choice. Eka Sunucu offers it by default.
It is Debian based. It is popular for developers and AI/ML projects due to its wide community support, up-to-date packages, and ease of use.
It is known as the "Universal Operating System". It is extremely determination oriented. Its packages may be a little old, but system stability is tremendous.
There is no "C: Drive" in Linux. Everything is in the root directory / It starts from below. Here are the critical directories you need to know:
Most important in server management /var/log (error logs) and /etc You will use the (settings) directories. If a service is not running, check the logs first!
Don't be afraid of the terminal to manage a Linux server. Here are the life-saving commands:
| Komut | Ne Yapar? | Example Usage |
|---|---|---|
| ls | Listing. Shows files and folders. | ls -lah (Show hidden files and details) |
| cd | Changing directory (Change Directory). | cd /var/www (Go to web folder) |
| pwd | Where am I? Shows the current directory path. | pwd |
| cp | Copyma (Copy). | cp dosya.txt yedek.txt |
| mv | Moving or Changing Name (Move). | mv eski.php yeni.php |
| rm | Delete (Remove). Be careful! | rm -rf klasor (Force delete folder) |
| grep | Search within text. | grep "error" /var/log/httpd/error_log |
| chmod | Changing file permissions. | chmod 755 public_html |
| chown | Changing the file owner. | chown user:group dosya |
| top / htop | Monitoring system resources (CPU/RAM). | htop |
| systemctl | Service management (Start/Stop). | systemctl restart httpd |
In Linux, each file has 3 type authorization: Okuma (r=4), Yazma (w=2), Operation (x=1).
Turkey (Turkish)
Germany (German)
Worldwide (English)
755 (Owner does everything, others read/enter)644 (Owner reads/writes, others just read)400 or 600 (Only owner reads)The way to make a Linux server "unhackable" is through layered security:
firewalld or csf Close unnecessary ports with .dnf update or apt update Continuously update the system with .Frequently asked questions about Linux server management.
dnf or yum, on Debian-based (Ubuntu) systems apt is used. Example: dnf install php
Take your projects soar with our Linux servers with high-performance NVMe SSD disks, 99.9% Uptime guarantee and 7/24 technical support.