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Pentest & Penetration Testing
Guide

Secure your systems. Professional penetration testing processes used Step into the world of tools (Kali, Nmap) and cybersecurity.

root@kali:~# nmap -sS -p- 192.168.1.1
Starting Nmap 7.92...
Host is up (0.0023s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open ssh
80/tcp open http
Nmap done: 1 IP address scanned
root@kali:~# _

Pentest What is (Penetration Testing)?

The most critical defense mechanism in the cyber security world.

Definition and Purpose

Penetration test (Pentest for short), malicious attackers (Black Hat Hackers) use the methods available to find security vulnerabilities in the system and It is a simulation of an authorized and planned attack aimed at shutting down.

To the expert who performed the test Pentester or called Ethical Hacker (White Hat). Purpose The aim is not to harm the system, but to report vulnerabilities.

How To?

Penetration testing is not a random attack. According to international standards (OWASP, PTES) is done:

# Types of Penetration Tests
1. Black Box: Without knowledge (From the hacker's perspective)
2. White Box: With full information (Codes, IPs known)
3. Gray Box: With partial information (User has authorization)

Penetration Testing Stages

1. Information Collection (Reconnaissance)

Passive (Whois, social media) and active (Port scan) information about the target is collected. Most is the critical stage.

2. Scanning

Open ports, services and known vulnerabilities (CVE) are scanned with tools such as Nmap and Nessus.

3. Exploitation

Attempts are made to infiltrate the system by using the vulnerabilities found (e.g. SQL Injection, XSS). metasploit is used frequently.

4. Raporlama

Technical and executive report with all vulnerabilities found, risk levels and solution suggestions It is presented as.

Popular Pentest Tools

"With which program is pentest testing done?" The answer to the question.

TCP Port Scanner

It is used to find open ports on the network.

  • Nmap Industry standard.
  • Masscan The fastest browser.
  • RustScan Modern and fast.
nmap -sV -T4 192.168.1.1

XSS & Web Scanner

Detects vulnerabilities in websites.

  • Burp Suite Proxy and analysis.
  • OWASP ZAP It's free.
  • XSStrike Advanced XSS scanner.
  • Sqlmap SQL Injection automation.

Subdomain & Directory

Finds hidden directories and subdomains.

  • Sublist3r Subdomain finder.
  • Gobuster Directory browser.
  • diresearch Fast directory explorer.
  • Amass Advanced mapping.

Kali Linux and GitHub

Kali Linuxis a Debian-based software developed specifically for penetration testing. It is a Linux distribution. It comes with more than 600 "Pentest Tools" installed.

Github Pentest Tools: Thousands of free tools written by developers It is available on GitHub. They are usually written in Python or Go.

Frequently Used GitHub Tools:
  • Pentest-Tools Directory Scanner: To find hidden admin panels.
  • Subdomain Enumeration: To list all subdomains of the target.
  • Wordlists (SecLists): Word lists for password cracking attacks.
git clone https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap.git
cd sqlmap
python sqlmap.py -u "http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1" --dbs
[+] Fetching database names...
available databases [2]:
[*] acuart
[*] information_schema

Frequently Asked Questions

Is pentesting legal?
Sadece with permission Penetration tests performed (by contract) It is legal. It is a crime to try to infiltrate a system without permission. This is called unauthorized access.
How long does a penetration test take?
1 weeks depending on the size of the system (number of IPs, number of applications) and the type of test It can vary between 1 months.
Is Free Pentest Tools reliable?
Free open source tools such as Nmap, Wireshark, OWASP ZAP It is industry standard and reliable. However, downloading "Hacker Tool" of unknown origin It may infect your computer with viruses.
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